বাংলা ব্যাকরণ bangla grammer (lesson: 8) বানান

evbvb

8. evbvb

8.1 evbv‡bi K‡qKwU mvaviY wbqg

8. evbvb

fvlv ï×i~‡c wjL‡Z n‡j †m fvlvi evbvb Rvbv Lye Riywi| cÖ‡Z¨K fvlviB evbv‡bi wbqg Av‡Q| evsjv

fvlvi evbv‡biI we‡kl wKQz wbqg i‡q‡Q| GB wbqg mgq e`‡ji m‡½ m‡½ wKQyUv AvaywbK Kiv nq|

evsjv‡`‡k mvaviYfv‡e gvb¨ Kiv nq evsjv GKv‡Wgx Aby‡gvw`Z evbvbixwZ| wb‡P evsjv evbv‡bi

K‡qKwU mvaviY wbqg †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|

8.1 evbv‡bi K‡qKwU mvaviY wbqg

K. evbv‡b B C, D E-Gi e¨envi

1. †hme Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b n«¯^ I `xN© Dfq ¯^i ( B C, D E ) Awfavbwm×, †m † ÿ‡Î Ges

AZrmg ( Z™¢e, †`wk, we‡`wk, wgkª ) k‡ãi evbv‡b ïay nª¯^

¯^

i(Bw,D y) n‡e| †hgb :

Zrmg k‡ã :

A½ywi, AUwe, Avwei, Avwkm&, Dlv, wKse`wšÍ,KzwUi, MwÊ, MÖš’vewj, wPrKvi, ZiwY, Zwi, †`wk,

c`we, we‡`wk, åy, †kªwY, mviwY|

AZrmg k‡ã :

Av`wg, Avwcj, Avwgb, Avjgvwi, DwKj, D`y©, KvwR, Kvievwi, KvwiMwi, Kzwgi, †Kivwb, wLªó, wLªóvã,

Mwie, MvwR, Mvwo, wMwbœ, PvKwi, Riywi, Rvbyqvwi, wWwMÖ, `iKvwi, `vwe, w`wN, ay‡jv, bvm©vwi, cowk,

c`we, evwo, euvwk, evOvwj, †e-AvBwb, fzZz‡o, wgw¯¿, gy‡jv, †g‡qwj, whï, †ikwg, jUvwi, jvB‡eªwi,

kvïwo, wkKvwi, mewR, miKvwi, mywbœ, nvwR, wnRwi|

2. K‡qKwU ¯¿xevPK k‡ãi †k‡l C-Kvi n‡e| †hgb :

Awf‡bÎx, KΩx, Kj¨vYx, wK‡kvix, Mvfx, ¸YeZx, PÊx, PZz`©kx, QvÎx, Rbbx, ZiyYx, `vmx, `ytwLbx,

†`ex, bvix, cZœx, wckvPx, we`ylx, eyw×gZx, gvZvgnx, gvbex, hyeZx, j²x, kªxgZx, mZx, mi¯^

Zx,

nwiYx, ˆngšÍx|

3. fvlv I RvwZi bv‡gi †k‡l B-Kvi n‡e| †hgb :

AvdMvwb, Aviwe, Bs‡iwR, BivwK, Bivwb, Bûw`, Kvwk¥wi, Rvcvwb, ZzwK©, †bcvwj, cvwK¯Ívwb,

cvÄvwe, divwm, evOvwj, muvIZvwj, wmwÜ, wnw›`|

4. we‡klYevPK ÔAvwjÕ-cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ã B-Kvi n‡e| †hgb :

ˆPZvwj, cyevwj, eY©vwj, wgZvwj, †g‡qwj, iycvwj, †mvbvwj|

L. evbv‡b I-Gi e¨envi

1. wµqvc‡`i evbv‡b c`v‡šÍI-Kvi(†v) Acwinvh© bq| †hgb :

Avbe, KiZ, †Lje, Pje, †`LZ, aie, bvPe, coe, ejZ, gie, give, joe, wjLe|

2. eZ©gvb AbyÁvi mvgvb¨i~‡c c`v‡šÍI-Kvi cÖ`vb Kiv hvq| †hgb :

Av‡bv, K‡iv, †L‡jv, P‡jv, †`‡Lv, a‡iv, bv‡Pv, c‡ov, e‡jv, gv‡iv, j‡ov, †j‡Lv|

3. ÔAv‡bvÕ cÖZ¨qvšÍk‡ãi †k‡l I-Kvi n‡e| †hgb :

Kiv‡bv, LvIqv‡bv, V¨vOv‡bv, †`Lv‡bv, bvgv‡bv, cvVv‡bv, †kvqv‡bv|

4. A_© ev D”PviY weåvwšÍi my‡hvM _vK‡j wKQz we‡kl¨, we‡klY I Ae¨q k‡ã I-Kvi †`Iqv Avek¨K|

†hgb :

Kvj (mgq), Kv‡jv (K…ò eY©);

†Kvb (Kx, †K, †KvbwU), †Kv‡bv (eûi g‡a¨ GK);

fvj (Kcvj), fv‡jv (DËg)|

M. evbv‡b wemM©(t) -Gi e¨envi

1. c`v‡šÍwemM©(t) _vK‡e bv| †hgb :

µgk, wØZxqZ, cÖ_gZ, cÖavbZ, e¯‘Z, g~jZ|

2. c`ga¨¯’ wemM© _vK‡e| †hgb :

AšÍt¯’, `ytL, `ytmn, wbtkã, cybtcyb,¯^

Ztù~Z©|

evbvb 67

3. Awfavbwm×n‡j c`ga¨¯’ wemM© eR©bxq| †hgb :

`y¯’, wbk¦vm, wb¯ú„n, ewn¯’, gb¯’|

N. evbv‡b g~a©b¨-YI`šÍ¨-b-Gi e¨envi

1. hy³e¨Ä‡b (Zrmg k‡ã) U-eM©xq e‡Y©i (UVWX) c~e©eZ©x cÖhy³ ¯’‡j g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb :

KÈK, NÈv, wbN©È, eÈb, AKzÉ, AvKÉ, DrKÉv, DcKÉ, KÉ, KÉbvwj, jyÉb, AKvjKz®§vÊ, AÊ,

KvÊ, KvÊvix, KzÊj, LÊ, PÊx, `Ê, cwÊZ, fÊ, fÊvwg|

2. Zrmg k‡ã F,F-Kvi ( „ ), i, i-djv ( ª ), †id ( © ), l,ÿ-Gi ci g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb :

FY, Z…Y, AiY¨, ÎvY, eY©, we`~lY, we‡klY,ÿY,ÿwYK|

3. GKB k‡ãi g‡a¨ F, F-Kvi, i, i-djv, †id, l,ÿ-Gi †h †Kv‡bvwUi c‡i¯^

ieY©, K-eM©, c-eM©

Ges h, q, n, Aby¯^vi ( s ), Ñ GB eY©¸‡jvi GKwU ev GKvwaK eY© _vK‡jI cieZ©x g~a©b¨-Y nq|

†hgb :

K…cY, wbi~cY, AMÖnvqY, AKg©Y¨, wbe©vY, me©v½xY, A‡cÿgvY, eÿgvY|

4. cÖ, civ, cwi, wbi- GB PviwU Dcm‡M©i ci bg&, bk&, bx, by, Ab&, nb& cÖf…wZ avZzi `šÍ¨-b ¯’‡j

g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb :

cÖ : cÖYvg, cÖYe, cÖYxZ, cÖwYcvZ;

civ : civqY, civnè;

cwi : cwiYwZ, cwiYvg, cwiYq;

wbi : wbY©xZ, wbY©q, wbY©vqK|

5. hy³e¨Äb MV‡b (AZrmg k‡ã) U-e‡M©i c~‡e© `šÍ¨-b nq| †hgb :

B›Uvi, DB›Uvi, Kv‡i›U, MÖ¨vÛ, †UÛvi, c¨v›U, e¨vÛ, jÛb, †m›Uªvj|

6. hy³e¨Äb MV‡b (Zrmg, AZrmg mKj k‡ã) Z-e‡M©i c~‡e© `šÍ¨-b nq| †hgb :

AbšÍ,AšÍi½, GKvšÍ, K¬všÍ, R¡jšÍ,gš¿x, MÖš’, cvš’, Awb›`¨, civbœ, cÖ”Qbœ, ivbœv, mvwbœa¨|

7. mwÜ I mgvm‡hv‡M MwVZ k‡ãi evbv‡b `šÍ¨-b envj _v‡K| †hgb :

AMÖbvqK, Anwb©k,ÿzwbœe„wË, wPÎv¼b, `yb©vg, `ywb©evi, `yb©xwZ, wbwb©‡gl , wkÿv½b|

8. Z™¢e, †`wk I we‡`wk k‡ã me©Î `šÍ¨-b n‡e| †hgb :

Avcb, Avqib, Kzwb©k, †Kvivb, wMÖb, wPiywb, Sibv, aib, evwb©k, †giyb, jÚb, wknib, nb©|

68 evsjv e¨vKiY I wbwg©wZ

O. evbv‡b g~a©b¨-l-Gi e¨envi

1. F wKsev F-Kvi(„) -Gi c‡i g~a©b¨-l nq| †hgb :

Fwl, K…wl, K…lK, K…ò, Z…òv, Z…wlZ, `„wó, m„wó, üówPË|

2. i-aŸwb †id ( © )-Gi i~c wb‡q †Kv‡bv e¨Äbe‡Y©i gv_vq em‡j H e¨Ä‡bi ci g~a©b¨-l nq| †hgb :

AvKl©Y, Cl©v, DrKl©, el©v, el©Y, wegl©, gyg~l©y, kxl©, mßwl©, nl©|

3. A, Av Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ¯^ieY© Ges K&, i& e‡Y©i cieZ©x `šÍ¨-m g~a©b¨-l nq| †hgb :

Clr, Dlv, GlYv, †Kvl, wRMxlv, welg, fwel¨r, †ivl, mylgv|

4. B-KvivšÍID -KvivšÍDcm‡M©i ci KZK¸‡jv avZz‡Z g~a©b¨-l nq| †hgb :

m½> Abyl½, †mK> Awf‡lK, ¯’vb> Awaôvb, myß> mylyß|

5. hy³e¨Äb MV‡b (Zrmg k‡ã) U-e‡M©i c~‡e© g~a©b¨-l nq| †hgb :

Awbó, Aóg, Avoó, Dw”Qó, Dc‡`óv, Kó, †Póv, †Mvôx, cÖwZôv, f~wgô, †kªô, myôz|

6. hy³e¨Äb MV‡b (Zrmg, AZrmg mKj k‡ã) Z-e‡M©i c~‡e© `šÍ¨-m nq| †hgb :

Aa¯Íb, B¯Ídv, DØv¯‘, I¯Ív`, K¯‘wi, Kv‡¯Í, Rei`w¯Í, ¯’vb, ¯’vbxq, ¯^v¯’¨|

7. hy³e¨Äb MV‡b (Zrmg, AZrmg mKj k‡ã) P-e‡M©i c~‡e© Zvje¨-k nq| †hgb :

Avðh©, `yðwiÎ, wbðq, cðvr, cÖvqwðË, e„wðK, wbwñ`ª|

P. evbv‡b †id ( © )-Gi e¨envi

†id-Gi ci †Kv_vI ( Zrmg, AZrmg mKj k‡ã ) e¨Äbe‡Y©i wØZ¡ n‡e bv| †hgb :

KR©, Kg©, Kvh©, c~e©, d`©, gg©i, kZ©, m~h©|

Q. evbv‡bO/s -Gi e¨envi

1. mw܇Z (Zrmg k‡ã) cÖ_g c‡`i †k‡l g& _vK‡j K-e‡M©i c~‡e© g& ¯’v‡b s (Aby¯^vi) n‡e| †hgb :

AnsKvi (Ang& +Kvi), wKsKi, wKse`wšÍ, SsKvi, fqsKi, msKí, msKxY©, msMxZ, msN, msNvZ,

ûsKvi|

2. Dch©y³ wbq‡g mwÜRvZ bv n‡j, hy³e¨Ä‡b K-e‡M©i c~‡e© g& ¯’v‡b O (D‡quv)) n‡e| †hgb :

AvKv•ÿv, A¼zi, A½, Bw½Z, D”Q…•Lj, K¼vj, Kvw•ÿZ, M½v, Rw½, `v½v, c¼R, c½y,

e½, fw½, j•Nb, wkÿv½b, m½x|

evbvb 69

3. cÖZ¨q I wefw³nxb k‡ãi †k‡l s (Aby¯^vi) e¨eüZ nq| †hgb :

Avos, B`vbxs, Ges, V¨vs, Xs, cvjs, dwos, eis, is, wks|

4. Z‡e Aby¯^

vihy³ k‡ã cÖZ¨q, wefw³ ev¯^

ieY© hy³ n‡j s ¯’‡j O †jLv n‡e| †hgb :

Avo‡O, U‡O, X‡O, dwo‡Oi, iwOb, ivwO‡q, m‡Oi|

Kg©-Abykxjb

1. Avmv‡p e„wó nq| AwZ e„wói cvwY cwibv‡g e‡q Av‡b eb¨v| †jv‡Ki K÷ ev‡o| †`Lv †`q wewfbœ

†iv‡Mi cÖ`ytfve| PjvPj `y¯‹i n‡q c‡o|

ÑGB evK¨¸‡jv †_‡K fzj evbvb¸‡jv Luy‡R †ei Ki| †m¸‡jv †Kvb Kvi‡Y fzj Zv D‡jøL Ki|

2. †Zvgvi cvV¨eB‡qi †h-†Kv‡bv GKwU Mí Lye fv‡jv K‡i co| Zvici MíwU †_‡K †hme evbv‡b B,

D-Kvi Ges †h-me ¯¿xevPK k‡ã C-Kvi cvIqv hvq †m¸‡jvi GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki| (GwU Zzwg

GKwU MÖyc ˆZwi K‡iI Ki‡Z cvi|)